Diabetes Mellitus Type II and its Management Part 2 | dr 001| Dr. Maryam Firdous #diabetesmellitus

Type 2 diabetes can sometimes initially be managed through lifestyle modification including a healthy diet, regular exercise and monitoring your blood glucose levels. Exercising helps the insulin work more effectively, lowers your blood pressure and reduces the risk of heart disease.

At 2 hours, a blood sugar level of 140 mg/dL or lower is considered normal, 140 to 199 mg/dL indicates you have prediabetes, and 200 mg/dL or higher indicates you have diabetes.

Metformin is a tried and tested medicine that has been used for many decades to treat type 2 diabetes, and is recommended by most experts as first-line therapy. It is affordable, safe, effective, and well tolerated by most people. When metformin does not adequately control blood sugar, another medication must be added.

Other than sulfonylureas and insulin, other recommended second–line treatments for diabetes include thiazolidinediones, glucagon–like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (e.g., liraglutide), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (e.g., sitagliptin), and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (e.g., empagliflozin

CADTH's Therapeutic Review Panel recommended that, for most adults with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin and a sulfonylurea, insulin NPH should be added as the third-line agent



Complications

Heart and blood vessel disease. ...

Nerve damage (neuropathy) in limbs. ...

Other nerve damage. ...

Kidney disease. ...

Eye damage. ...

Skin conditions. ...

Slow healing. ...

Hearing impairment.

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